浙江省海水养殖户质量安全控制行为及其影响因素分析

Analysis on qualitative safety control behaviors and influencing factors of mariculturists in Zhejiang Province

海水养殖环节是海水产品质量安全控制的源头,考察养殖户的质量安全控制行为及其影响因素对于保证海产品质量安全水平有重要的现实意义。依据计划行为理论,构建海水养殖户质量安全控制行为分析框架,采用来自宁波和台州养殖户的调查数据,利用结构方程模型对质量安全控制行为及其潜在影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明,质量安全控制行为主要表现为参加专业合作社、无公害农产品认证和政府推广的生产技术培训;养殖户的质量安全意识、单位利润和养殖水域是否自有等经营状况对质量安全控制行为有显著的正向影响;而养殖品种数量和户主年龄对质量安全控制行为有显著负向影响。研究表明,政府管制、质量安全意识及经营特征等是质量安全控制行为的主要影响因素。因此,提出加强政府对海水养殖户的质量安全管制,提高养殖户的质量安全意识,并针对不同经营特征的养殖户采取差异化措施。

Mariculture production sector is the starting point for the qualitative safety（QS） control of mariculture industry. It is of great significance for the QS control level of mariculture to study the QS control behaviors and the influencing factors of mariculturists. Applying the theory of planned behaviors, this paper analyzed the QS control behaviors and the influencing factors of mariculturists by constructing an analytical framework and a structural equation model of mariculturists＇ QS control behaviors in Ningbo and Taizhou. Results indicate that QS control behaviors are expressed as attending professional cooperatives, carrying out nuisanceless agro-food certification and promoting production technology training by the Government. In addition, QS consciousness of mariculturists has a positive significant influence on QS control behaviors. At the same time, the operation status, including the unit profit and whether mariculturists have their own aquaculture water areas, have negative significant influences on QS control behaviors. While the number of aquaculture species and the age of household head have significant negative influences on QS control behaviors. In summary, the main influencing factors of QS control behaviors include government＇s managements, QS consciousness, and operation conditions. To improve the level of QC control for the aquaculture industry, this article provides the following suggestions, including strengthening government＇s managements on QS of mariculturists, improving QS consciousness of mariculturists, and implementing differentiated strategies under different operation conditions.