基于关键质量特性的农机零部件可靠性优化设计

Reliability-based optimization design of the agricultural machinery parts based on key quality characteristics

质量是现代农机装备市场竞争力的一个重要因素。本文将顾客需求的模糊概念量化并融入农机零部件可靠性设计之中,提出了一种基于关键质量特性的可靠性优化方法。首先,运用模糊回归理论优化质量功能配置和公理设计的集成模型,提取农机产品设计各阶段的关键质量特性;其次,以可靠性设计理论和应力—强度干涉模型为指导,建立基于关键质量特性的农机零部件可靠性优化设计数学模型;最后,运用带约束的自适应粒子群算法对该数学模型进行求解分析。以水稻摆栽机为例,详细分析了提取零部件关键质量特性即拨盘轴设计参数流程,并分别计算了可靠度在0.995和0.999时的优化设计参数,通过Monte-Carlo法对比,其拨盘轴最优截面积相对误差分别为2.53%和2.40%。实验验证了关键质量特性分析在农机零部件可靠性优化设计中的正确性和高效性。

Quality is an important factor in market competitiveness of the agricultural equipment. This paper quantifies the fuzzy concept of customer requirements and incorporates it into reliability design of the agricultural machinery parts, and presents a reliability-optimization method based on key quality characteristic. Firstly, the integration model of quality function deployment（QFD） and axiomatic design theory can be optimized by using fuzzy regression theory, and the key quality characteristics of each design phase of the agricultural machinery can be extracted. Secondly, guided by the reliability-optimization theory and stress-strength interference model, a mathematical model of the reliabilityoptimization design can be built based on key quality characteristics of agricultural machinery parts. Finally, the adaptive particle swarm optimization（APSO） algorithm with constraints is employed in the optimization analysis of the mathematical model. This paper analyzed the design process of key quality characteristics of rice transplanting machine＇s dial shaft, and respectively calculated the optimal design parameters when the reliability was 0.995 and 0.999. Compare to the Monte-Carlo test, the relative error of the dial shaft optimal cross-sectional area is 2.53% and 2.40%. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed analysis of the key quality characteristics are illustrated in the reliabilitybased optimization design of the agricultural machinery parts.