枣麦间作生态系统土壤养分的时空异质性

Spatio-temporal Heterogeneity of Soil Nutrient in Jujube-wheat Intercropping Ecosystem

通过研究枣麦间作生态系统土壤养分的时空异质性,为系统内科学的肥料管理技术提供参考。基于枣麦间作生态系统（JIE）内部的异质性,在冬小麦不同生育期,对不同位点取样调查。结果表明：土壤有机质质量分数随冬小麦生育进程呈递增趋势,水平分布上表现出距枣树越远其土壤有机质质量分数越低,并且0-20cm土层有机质质量分数高于20-40cm土层。土壤速效N、P、K质量分数表现出明显的时空分布特性。土壤速效N、P、K质量分数随冬小麦生育进程基本呈下降趋势;水平分布上,土壤速效N、P、K质量分数随距枣树距离的增加而逐渐下降;而在垂直分布则表现出随土层深度的增加,土壤速效N、P、K质量分数呈逐渐降低。因此,在枣麦间作生态系统中,应适当增加20-40cm土层和距树体150-200cm的氮肥、磷肥施用量,以缓和枣树和小麦养分竞争。

This study aims to provide reference to scientific fertilizer management in jujube-wheat intercropping ecosystem（JIE）by studying spatio-temporal heterogeneity of soil nutrient.Based on the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of JIE,we collected samples from different sites in different growth process of winter wheat.The results showed that the mass fraction of soil organic matter increased with the wheat growing process,the horizontal distribution showed that the soil organic mass fraction reduced with the distance farther away from the tree,and the mass fraction of 0-20 cm layer was higher than the 20-40 cm.The results also showed that soil available N,P,K mass fraction appeared temporal and spatial heterogeneity in JIE.The soil available N,P,K mass fraction decreasing with winter wheat growing process.Horizontal distribution,soil available N,P,K mass fraction increasing with distance from the jujube tree gradually decreased.But in the vertical distribution of soil available N,P,K mass fraction with increase of soil depth was gradually decreased.Thus,the jujube-wheat intercropping ecosystem should added the N,P fertilizer application rate of 20-40 cm soil layer and range from the tree body 150-200 cm,and achieved the role of ease competition of jujube and wheat nutrient.