现代学徒制早期实践的个案考察与反思——以民国京师第一艺徒学校为例

Reflection on the Early Stage of Chinese Modern Apprenticeship——Take the First Apprentice School in Beijing in the Republic of China Period as an Example

选取民国时期京师第一艺徒学校为个案,对现代学徒制在近代中国的早期实践与转型原因进行探讨。研究表明,作为地方教育行政部门和基层教育工作者中摸索成长起来的教育形态,京师第一艺徒学校已然具备了现代学徒制的基本特征;学校在运行中存在诸多不足,但这并不是导致其转型的决定因素;从办学者和职教界围绕这种教育形态进行的思考与理论争议可以探知,重道轻艺的民族潜意识是现代学徒制实践在近代中国未能延续的根本原因。

This paper takes the First Apprentice School in Beijing during the period of the Republic of China as an example, discusses the early practice and the transformation reason of the modern apprenticeship in modern China. The research shows, as a kind of education form growing up from the local education administrative department? and grassroots educators? explorations, the First Apprentice School in Beijing had already possessed the basic characteristics of the modern apprenticeship;though many problems existed in the operation of the school, they were not the decisive factors for the transformation;the national subconscious of“valuing theoretic knowledge more than craftsmanship” is the root cause of the failure of the modern apprenticeship practice in modern China.