中国出口贸易国内技术含量变迁及其国际比较

The Change of China's Export Domestic Technical Complexity and its International Comparison

文章在Rodfik（2006）的基础上，结合非竞争型投入产出表。剔除进口中间品对我国出口产品的贡献，构建并测算了1995～2010年中国以及世界主要贸易国的出口技术含量和出口国内技术复杂度，并从国家层面和行业层面审视我国出口贸易技术含量变迁及其国际比较。结果发现：中国出口技术含量和出口国内技术复杂总体上呈现出平稳上升的阶段性特征．且演变路径具有高度的同步性。从两者差距来看，遵循“先扩大再缩小，随后缓慢上升”的变化态势；出口国内技术复杂度在所考察的12个经济体中分布不平衡，但总体呈稳步增长态势：样本期间六大类行业的出口国内技术复杂度水平呈现波浪式上升趋势，且存在明显的行业差异和国别差异。据此．在中国提倡从“贸易大国”向“贸易强国”转变的大背景下，应该立足我国现实比较优势，积极顺应国际分工大趋势。深度融入国际分工体系中谋求提升中国出口国内技术复杂度。

Based on Rodrik （2006）, this paper, combining non-competitive input-output table and excluding the contribution of imported intermediate goods in our export products, builds and measures the export technical content and domestic technical complexity of China and other major trading nations during 1995-2010, and investigates the change of China＇s export domestic technical complexity as well as its international comparison from both national and industrial levels. The results shows that： China＇s export technical content and export domestic technical complexity show a steady rise in phase characteristics and their evolution path has a high degree of synchronization. The gap between them shows the trend of ＂first expansion and then reduction followed by a slow rise＂; the domestic technical complexity of exports in the study of 12 economies is uneven, but the overall shows a steady growth; the domestic technical complexity level of the six categories shows a wave rise during the sample period, and there are significant differences between the industries and countries. Accordingly, in the background of China＇ s transforming to a ＂trading power country＂ from a ＂major trading nation＂, we should actively follow the trend of international division of labor based on our actual comparative., advantages, and integrate into the international labor division system deeply to seek the enhancement of export domestic technical complexity.