抗核抗体、免疫球蛋白及补体在儿童白癜风疾病中的价值探讨

Analysis on values of ANAs,immunoglobulins and complements in children patients with vitiligo

目的探讨白癜风患儿抗核抗体、免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgM和IgA)和补体(C3和C4)在本病中的临床价值。方法以调查表形式收集145例白癜风患儿的临床资料,应用统计学软件对数据进行统计学分析。采用间接免疫荧光法和免疫印迹法检测患儿血清抗核抗体及12种自身抗体谱,免疫透射比浊法检测IgG、IgM、IgA和C3、C4。结果调查发现,145例患儿的病程为1个月至5年,白斑的初发部位以头面部最为多见,以轻度和散发型白斑类型居多;大部分患儿病情处于进展期,30.35%患儿有白癜风或者自身免疫性疾病的家族史。对其血清抗核抗体检测结果发现,共有13例为阳性,其中8例存在特定自身抗体阳性。白癜风组IgG、IgA水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而IgM水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。白癜风组患儿C4血清水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.035),但C3水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论白癜风患儿的抗核抗体水平与健康儿童几乎无异,但存在较为明显的体液免疫功能异常。

Objective To study the clinical value of antinuclear antibodies（ANA）,immunoglobulins（IgG,IgM and IgA）and complements（C3and C4）in the children patients with vitiligo.Methods The clinical data of 145 pediatric patients with vitiligo were collected by using the uniform questionnaire and the data were processed by using the statistical software.The indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblotting method were adopted to detect serum ANAs and 12 kinds of autoantibodies.IgG,IgM,IgG and C3,C4 were detected by using the immunological transmission turbidimetry method.Results The investigation found that the disease course in 145 cases of vitiligo was from 1month to 5years,the primary sites of vitiligo were mainly the head,which were dominated by mild and sporatic types;the disease condition in most of the children patients was in progressive stage,30.35% of children patients had the family history of vitiligo or autoimmune diseases.The serum ANAs detection results found that 13 cases were positive,among them 8cases were specific autoantibody positive.The IgG and IgA levels levels in the vitiligo group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistical significant（P〈0.01）,while the IgM level had no statistical difference（P〉0.05）.The serum C4 level in the vitiligo group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P=0.035）,while the C3 level had no statistical difference（P〉0.05）.ConclusionThe vitiligo children patients have no difference with the healthy children in the ANA level,but obvious humoral immunological dysfunction exists.