假饲联合早进食半流质饮食对改善妇科腹腔镜术后患者营养状况的影响

Effect of sham feeding combined with earlier intake of semiliquid diet on improving postoperative nutritional status for patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy

目的探讨假饲(咀嚼口香糖)联合早进食半流质饮食对妇科腹腔镜术后患者营养的影响。方法将234例妇科腹腔镜手术患者,按随机数字表分为咀嚼组78例、半流食组77例和流食组79例。流食组患者按传统方法于术后6h进食流质,肛门排气后进食半流质,排便后进普通饮食;半流食组患者于术后6h进食半流质,排便后进普通饮食;咀嚼组患者麻醉清醒后开始咀嚼无糖口香糖,其余同半流食组。比较3组患者术后1d的血钾值和术后2d的血清视黄醇结合蛋白值。结果咀嚼组与半流食组患者术后2d视黄醇结合蛋白值高于流食组,比较差异均有统计学意义,咀嚼组优于半流食组,比较差异有统计学意义;咀嚼组与半流食组患者术后1d低钾血症发生率低于流食组,比较差异有统计学意义,但咀嚼组与半流食组组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论妇科腹腔镜术后患者给予假饲联合早进食半流质饮食可改善患者的营养状况,降低术后低钾血症的发生。

Objective To study the effect of sham feeding combined with earlier intake of semiliquid diet on improving postoperative nutritional status for patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy.Method Divide 234 patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy into chew group（n=78）,semiliquid group（n=77）and liquid group（n=79）.Patients in liquid group take liquid food 6hafter operation,take semiliquid diet after anal exsufflation and take regular diet after defecation.Patients in semiliquid group take semiliquid diet 6hafter operation and take regular diet after defecation.Patients in chew group start to chew sugar-free gum since recovery from anesthetic.Then they take the same diet with patients in semiliquid group.Compare the serum potassium values 1dafter operation and serum retinol binding protein values 2dafter operation between three groups.Result Chew group and semiliquid group have higher serum retinol binding protein values 2dafter operation than liquid group,the difference is significant.Chew group is better than semiliquid group,the difference is significant.Chew group and semiliquid group have higher serum potassium values 1dafter operation than liquid group,the difference is significant.But there is no significant difference between chew group and semiliquid group.Conclusion Sham feeding combined with earlier intake of semiliquid diet can improve patients＇ nutritional status and reduce incidence of postoperative hypokalemia.