珊瑚状猴头菌营养成分及其多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

Components of Hericium coralloids and Effects of Polysaccharide on Immune and Antioxidant Function in Mice

目的:研究珊瑚状猴头菌的营养成分及多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响,为珊瑚状猴头菌的开发提供理论依据。方法:按国标法测定珊瑚状猴头菌中蛋白质、脂肪、灰分、可溶性总糖、矿物质元素、氨基酸。将48只昆明小鼠,雌雄各半,随机分为对照组、低剂量组(100 mg/kg)、中剂量组(200 mg/kg)、高剂量组(400 mg/kg)4个组,30d后测定小鼠脏器指数、血常规、血清中抗体Ig G等。结果 :珊瑚状猴头菌干物质中含粗脂肪6.44%,粗蛋白25.45%,灰分7.12%,可溶性糖44.24%;含有丰富的铁、钙、镁、锌等矿物质元素;含18种氨基酸,其中8种必需氨基酸总量为6.92%。动物试验表明,与空白组相比,中高剂量组的胸腺指数、脾脏指数、淋巴细胞百分率、单核细胞、T淋巴细胞百分率和Ig G均显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);高剂量组白细胞总数显著升高(P<0.05);中高剂量组的嗜中细胞均极显著降低(P<0.01)。结论 :珊瑚状猴头菌是一种蛋白含量高,矿物质丰富,必需氨基酸齐全的食用菌。珊瑚状猴头菌多糖具有增强小鼠免疫功能的作用。

Objective： To provide theoretical basis for the application of Hericium coralloids, the nutrition components of Hericium coralloids and the effects of its polysaccharide on immune function in mice were investigated. Methods： The contents of protein, fat, ash content, soluble sugar, mineral elements and amino acids of Hericium coralloids were determined by the national standard method. 48 healthy mice were randomly divided into control group, low dose group（100 mg/kg）, middle dose group（200 mg/kg） and high dose（400 mg/kg）（female∶male=1∶1）. After 30 days, the organ indexes, blood routine, serum antibody Ig G were examined. Results： Dry Hericium coralloids fruit body contains 25.45%crude protein, 6.44% crude fat, 44.24% soluble total sugar, 7.12% ash; Many necessary mineral elements exist in Hericium coralloids fruit body as Fe, Ca, Mg, Zn and so on; There were 18 kinds of amino acid, in which 8 kinds of essential amino acid were 6.92%. The animal experiment results showed that, compared to the normal control, in middle and high dose group, lever and spleen indexes, lymphocytes percentage, monocyte percentage, T lyphocytes percentage and Ig G were significantly or remarkably significantly increased（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）; Neutrophil percentage was remarkably significantly decreased（P〈0.01）. The total white blood cells was significantly increased（P〈0.01） in high dose group.Conclusion： Hericium coralloids was a kind of high protein, high minerals and rich in amino acids of edible fungi, and its polysacchrides can enhance the immune function of mice.