PCR在自发性腹膜炎快速诊断中的应用

目的探讨聚合酶链式反应（PCR）在自发性腹膜炎快速诊断中的应用价值。方法针对原核微生物16S rRNA基因的高度保守性，设计合成所有细菌、革兰阴性菌（G^-）和革兰阳性菌（G^＋）的通用引物，PCR扩增已知的病原菌，检测其特异性。用此方法扩增自发性腹膜炎患者的腹水标本，将结果与培养法进行对比分析。结果通用引物扩增后，已知病原菌均获得371bp产物。G菌通用引物扩增后，G^-菌均获得252bp产物，G^＋菌无相应产物；G^＋菌通用引物扩增后，G^＋菌均获得202bp产物，G^-菌无相应产物。PCR方法的阳性率显著高于培养法（P〈9．05）。结论PCR检测细菌16SrRNA基因，具有检测速度快、敏感性高和结果准确等优点，具有一定的实用价值。

Objective To explore the application value of PCR in rapid diagnosis spontaneous peritonitis. Methods PCR primers of all bacteria, gram-negative and gram-positive were synthesized according to the high conservative region of 16S rRNA gene in bacteria., the known pathogens were amplified by PCR to test its specificity.Ascites samples were tested by PCR, and PCR results were compared with culture method. Results The known pathogens obtained 371 bp product after general primer amplification.Gram-negative bacteria obtained 252 bp product after gramnegative bacteria general primer amplification, while gram-positive bacteria without corresponding product. Gram-positive bacteria obtained 202 bp product after gram-positive bacteria general primer amplification, while gramnegative bacteria without corresponding product. The positive rate of PCR method was significantly higher than that of culture method （ P〈0.05 ） . Conclusion PCR technology has advantages of short detection time, high sensitivity and accurate in identifying 16S rRNA gene of bacteria.