护理单元对冠心病患者心理健康和应对方式的影响

Impact of care unit on mental health and coping styles in patients with coronary heart disease

目的探讨护理单元对冠心病患者心理健康和应对方式的影响。方法选取2013年1-12月收治的老年冠心病患者116例，按随机数字表法分为两组，观察组和对照组，每组各58例。对照组按照冠心病护理常规给予常规护理，观察组实施护理单元护理干预；评价两组患者护理前后的心境状态评分及应对方式评分。结果干预前，心境状态中的7个维度两组差异无统计学意义（t值分别为0．562，0．452，0．365，0．852，0．632，0．715，0．326；P〉0．05）；干预后在疲劳与精力上两组差异无统计学意义（t值分别为1．142，1．324；P〉0．05），干预后观察组在紧张、愤怒、抑郁、混乱、自尊感上的得分分别为：（3．03±2．15），（2．14±1．73），（1．99±1．89），（3．68±1．87），（10．25±2．67）分，均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t值分别为3．658，4．261，4．123，3．856，3．851；P〈0．05）。结论冠心病护理单元对冠心病患者从人院到出院可全方位、系统化地采取措施，调动其治疗疾病的积极性，能明显改善患者的心理状态及应对方式。

Objective To explore the impact of nursing unit on mental health and coping styles in patients with coronary heart disease （CHD）. Methods The study investigated 116 elderly patients with CHD who admitted in the First affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University in 2013. The participants were randomly divided into two groups ： observation group （ n = 58 ） and control group （ n = 58 ）. The patients of control group were routine cared and the patients of observation group received nursing unit interventions. The grade of mental health and coping styles were evaluated and compared before and after the interventions. Results Before the interventions, the difference of all of the grades in seven mental health factors between two groups had no statistical significance （t =0.562, 0.452, 0.365, 0.852, 0.632, 0.715, 0. 326;P 〉0.05）. After the interventions, the difference on factors such as fatigue and energy had no statistical significance （t = 1. 142, 1. 324 ;P 〉 0.05）, but had significance on factors of tension, anger, depression, confusion and pride （t = 3. 658, 4. 261, 4. 123, 3.856, 3. 851 ;P 〈 0.05） ; and the grades of these factors in the observation group were （3.03±2.15）, （2.14±1.73）, （1.99±1.89）, （3.68±1.87）, （10.25±2.67）.Conclusions Coronary care unit can protect and motivate the patients with CHD comprehensively and systematically, and can obviously improve the patients＇ psychological status and coping styles.