应检者对X线辐射认知水平的调查研究

Investigation on the Examinees' Cognitive Level of X-ray Radiation

目的调查放射应检患者对X线辐射的认知水平,为开展放射防护知识普及工作提供参考依据。方法收集2013年8月30日-10月29日放射科放射应检患者,采用无记名问卷调查的方式,随机对放射应检患者进行调查。调查内容包括被调查者的基本信息、获取放射辐射知识的途径、对放射辐射基本知识的了解程度以及对放射检查的态度等项目。共调查2 315例应检者,发放2 315份问卷,收回2 315份问卷。结果 2 315例应检者中,2 026例(87.52%)认识辐射标志,1 821例(78.66%)知道X线辐射对人体有危害;不同年龄、不同性别、不同职业、不同文化程度、既往有无X线检查的应检者对X线辐射基本知识了解情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄、职业、文化程度的应检者对X线辐射态度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。应检者大多通过放射科宣传和医务人员告知获得X线辐射基本知识。结论应进一步采取有效方法普及放射辐射基本知识,使应检者对放射检查保持正确的心度和行为。医院与科室宣传或医务人员告知是普及放射辐射知识的主力军。

Objective To study the examinees＇ cognitive level of the X-ray radiation, and to provide references for popularizing radiation protection knowledge. Methods We chose patients who were checked in the Department of Radiology in our hospital between August 30 and October 29, 2013 as our study subjects, and carried out investigation by anonymous questionnaires. The investigation content included the respondents＇ basic information, ways to obtain the radiation knowledge, how well the patients knew about the fundamental radiation knowledge and their attitudes towards radiological examination and so on. A total of 2 315 patients were investigated, and 2 315 questionnaires were issued. Finally all questionnaires were retreated. Results Among the 2 315 patients, 2026（87.52%） knew the radiation symbol and 1 821（78.66%） knew that X-ray radiation was harmful to the human body. Different age, gender, occupation, educational level and previous X-ray examination made significant differences in the fundamental knowledge on X-ray（P〈0.05）. Attitudes towards X-ray examination was significantly different due to different age, occupation, and educational level（P〈0.05）. Most examinees got the X-ray fundamental radiation knowledge from the publicity and medical staff in hospitals. Conclusions To make the examinees keep right attitudes and behaviors in radiographic examination, further effective methods of popularizing the basic knowledge of radiation should be carried out. Those publicity and medical staff in hospitals are the main force in the popularization of radiation knowledge.