安徽省典型地区人群头发汞含量及其影响因素分析

Investigation on hair mercury concentration of people in 8 typical regions of Anhui Province and its influence factors

汞及其化合物毒性大,挥发性强,在环境中易于迁移,危害人体健康.人发中汞的含量是反映汞的环境暴露对人体的影响的优良指标.本研究利用氢化物发生-原子吸收分光光度法对安徽省合肥、淮南、安庆等8个典型地区人群的131个头发样品中总汞含量进行测定,并用SPSS软件对数据结果进行了统计分析.结果表明,安徽省人群发汞含量为0.480±0.896μg·g^(-1),与国内外部分地区相比,处于较低水平,人体受汞暴露的风险较低;六安地区人群发汞含量(0.068±0.054μg·g^(-1))明显低于其他7个地区;男、女发汞含量分别为0.581±1.083μg·g-1和0.317±0.416μg·g^(-1),在0.05的显著性水平上无显著性差异,发汞含量与性别相关性较小;样本中30—50岁的人群发汞含量相对其他年龄段偏高,表明发汞含量与年龄具有一定相关关系;染发样本发汞含量明显低于非染发样本,不能准确反映人体的汞暴露程度.

Mercury and its compounds are harmful to human health due to their strong toxicity and easy volatilization in environment. The exposure of human body to mercury can be estimated with hair mercury concentration. In this study,the total hair mercury level of people in Anhui Province was investigated by determining the mercury concentration of 131 hair samples from people in 8 typical regions with hydride generation flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS. It was found that the average hair mercury concentration（ 0.480±0.896 μg·g^（-1）） of people in Anhui Province was at lower level compared to those in some other regions,which indicated low mercury exposure risk to residents in Anhui Province. Hair mercury concentration of people（ 0.068±0.054 μg·g^（-1）） in Luan was significantly lower than those in other 7 regions,while there was no significant difference of hair mercury content among other 7 regions. Hair mercury concentration was influenced by the age of people rather than their gender. The mercury content in hair of people with the age of 30—50 was significantly higher than those of people of other ages. In addition,mercury concentration of the dyed hair was apparently lower than that of undyed sample. The dyed hairsubsequently cannot be used as an indicator of human of exposure to mercury.