智利El Teniente铜钼矿地质—地球化学特征及成因模式

Geological and geochemical characteristics and genetic model of the El Teniente Cu-Mo Deposit,Chile

智利El Teniente铜钼矿是环太平洋东部安第斯成矿带南部最具代表性的斑岩型矿床之一。该矿床开采历史悠久,并以优越的成矿环境、独特的矿床地质特征、多期次的岩浆—矿化作用而倍受国内外地质学者的关注。对该矿床区域地质及矿床地质特征、岩浆岩Sr-Nd-Pb同位素、锆石Hf-O同位素特征、流体包裹体地球化学特征及矿床成因模式进行了系统总结分析。结果表明,矿体以脉状—网脉状矿化为特征,主要赋存于安山岩、石英闪长岩和英安斑岩体中;矿区各期次岩浆岩体为同一幔源岩浆不同演化阶段的产物,并混有不同比例的俯冲板片物质;矿区成矿流体为高盐度、高温度及高成矿金属浓度的岩浆流体;该矿床的形成与多期次幔源岩浆岩及深部富含Cu、Mo和S组分的成矿流体密切相关。该矿床地球化学及成因模式的研究有利于区域上成矿模式的建立,同时还对于我国该类型矿床成因方面的理论研究及成矿预测具有重大现实意义。

The El Teniente Cu-Mo Deposit,located in the southern Andean Cordillera,eastern part of the circum-pacific metallogenic domain,is one of the most representative porphyry in this belt.It is known for its long mining history,predominant mineralization background,unique geological features and multi-stage magmatism and mineralization by international and domestic academics.The regional geological setting,deposit geology,Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic and zircon Hf-O isotopic geochemistry,fluid-inclusion geochemistry,and the genetic model of this deposit are systematically summarized.It is suggested that the ore bodies are characterized by veinlet and stockwork mineralization,mainly hosted in the andesite,quartz diorite,and dacite porphyry rocks.The multiple magmatic rocks at El Teniente are derived from melting of mantle rocks,with some input of subducted components.The ore-forming fluids are mainly originated from magmatic water,with high-salinity,high-temperature,and high concentrations of metal elements.The formation of the El Teniente Cu-Mo deposit has closely genetic relationship with the mantle-derived magmatic rocks and the ore-forming fluids enriched in Cu,Mo and S.The analysis on the genetic model of the El Teniente Cu-Mo Deposit will contribute to the regional metallogenic model establishment,and play a significant role in the genetic research and mineralization forecast of the deposit with similar geological condition in our country.