胸腰椎体骨折治疗的研究进展

The Research Progress in Treatment of Thoracolumbar Fractures

车祸、高处坠落、跌倒等暴力因素作用下导致胸腰椎骨质造成连续性的破坏,易伴发不同程度的脊髓神经损伤。脊髓损伤导致损伤平面下感觉、运动以及本体功能障碍,可表现为截瘫、大小便失禁与神经性疼痛等,给患者生存质量造成极大的影响,给患者家庭和社会造成一系列经济社会问题。如何有效治疗脊髓损伤,最大程度地恢复患者的健康和劳动能力,是摆在医师面前的难题。然而,胸腰段椎体骨折的分类,选择何种治疗方式,手术指征,选择不同手术路径的疗效,内固定阶段对疗效的影响,微创手术与球囊辅助的椎体强化治疗指征的合理应用尚存争议。胸腰椎骨折成为临床研究的热点话题之一。

The damage to the thoracolumbar vertebral bone caused by the violence factors such as car accidents,falling down,trumbles,and other factors,are easily associated with different levels of spinal cord nerve damage. Spinal cord injury which can be manifested as paraplegia,urinary incontinence and neuropathic pain,due to sensory,movement and body dysfunction below the injury level,greatly impacting the quality of life of the patients and causing a series of economic and social problems to the patient family and society.How to treat spinal cord injury effectively and restore the patient＇s health and ability to work to the greatest extent are thorny problems for the clinicians. However,it is still controversial about the thoracolumbar fracture classification,therapeutic methods selection,indications of operation,surgical approach selection,and the effect of inner fixation phase on the therapeutic efficacy,and indications of minimally invasive operation and balloon-assisted vertebral strengthening treatment. Thoracolumbar fractures is becoming one of hot topics of the clinical study.