我国农业全要素生产率增长及要素贡献——基于Luenberger指数的实证分析

Agricultural Total Factor Productivity Growth and Factor Contribution in China——An Empirical Study Based on Luenberger Index

实现我国农业可持续发展的关键在于农业生产效率的提升。本文从省际层面出发,首先基于2001～2013年面板数据研究了我国农业静态效率情况,结果显示我国农业效率存在较大的省际差异,农业产出、劳动力投入、土地投入无效率是我国多数省份农业低效的主要原因。以此为契机,通过Luenberger生产率指数的构建动态测度了我国各省的农业全要素生产率增长,通过对指数的横向分解发现技术进步和效率改善是全要素生产率增长的主要推动因素,而纵向分解后的结果显示农业全要素生产率增长主要来自于产出效率增加、劳动力素质提升以及土地生产效率改善。

The key to achieve sustainable development of agriculture in China is to improve the agricultural total factor productivity. In this paper,from the view of province,the static agricultural productivity in China was firstly researched based on the panel data during 2001 ～ 2013. The results indicated that there were significant interprovincial differences in agriculture productivity,and the inefficiencies of agricultural output,labor input and land input were the main reasons of agricultural inefficiency in most of provinces. Based on this,via the usage of Luenberger productivity index,the aricultural total factor productivity growth in China was dynamically measured. The results of horizontal decomposition of Luenberger indices indicated that technology development and efficiency improvement were the main stimuli of agricultural total factor productivity growth,while the vertical decomposition results showed that the main causes of agricultural total factor productivity growth were the improvement of output productivity,labor quality and land productivity.