生活满意度法在农地资源多功能价值评估中的应用——以武汉市郊区为例

Life Satisfaction Approach to Farmland Valuation——Empirical Study from the Suburbs of Wuhan City

在农地资源多功能价值评估常用的方法中,意愿调查法要求被调查者对研究对象的农地价值有非常深刻的认识,特征价格法依赖于市场的均衡假设,这些在现实或执行中很难达到,而且这两种方法只能捕获个人意识到的资源环境条件变化所带来的影响,没有考虑对无法感知资源环境条件变化的影响。本文应用生活满意度法,对武汉市郊区农地资源多功能价值进行评估。通过对研究区346份有效样本的计量结果分析研究发现,农地对农户的生活满意度具有显著的正向作用,每增加农地1hm2,按照五等计量生活满意度增加0.50;农户对农地每年的平均受偿意愿为4.35×10~4元/hm^2,农地资源价值为138.32×10~4元/hm^2。研究认为,生活满意度法相对于目前常用的意愿调查法和特征价格法具有较明显的优势,将其用于农地资源价值评估可为意愿调查法和特征价格法的研究应用提供比较,丰富和扩展了当前农地资源多功能价值的评估方法。

Contingent Value Method（ CVM） and Hedonic Price Method（ HPM） were often applied to evaluate farmland value in existing literatures. However,those methods may not always be completely successful. CVM based on asking people questions required respondents to be strongly aware of questions such as farmland value in a survey,while HPM required housing or labor market to be a equilibrium,which were definitely difficult to arrive at in practice. What＇s more,those traditional methods could only capture the impact of resources and environment change individuals were aware. In this paper,life satisfaction approach was applied to estimate farmland value.Employing data from the 346 farmers＇ households in Wuhan suburbs＇ questionnaire survey,this paper examined the influence of farmland on the life satisfaction of farmers and evaluated the value of farmland. Results showed that farmland had a significantly positive impact on life satisfaction and life satisfaction reduced 0. 033 on a 5-point scale with a reducing of one mu farmland. A respondent was willing-to-accept approximately RMB 4. 35 × 10~4 in household income per annum to lose a one-hectare farmland,and farmland value per annum in study area was RMB 8. 58 × 10~4 based on the formula from the references for Cai and Zhang,and Zhang and Zhang. After discounting with the rate of 6. 2%,farmland value was RMB 138. 32 × 10~4 per hectare in study area. This paper discusd the strengths of life satisfaction approach,compared it to traditional methods,contingent value method and hedonic price method,and considered that this approach might be more superior to the traditional methods,would be applied broadly into resources evaluation especially at local / regional scale instead of at plot scale. This paper set out to employ the comparatively underutilized life satisfaction approach to place a monetary value on farmland,in so doing,providing supporting evidence to and extending the existing literature employing more traditional methods.