类型学视角下的印尼语差比句

A Study of Indonesian Comparative Sentences from the Perspective of Typology

印尼语的差比句是一种受语义制约的句法结构。其基本结构形式是:比较主体+lebih+形容词+M_2+比较基准(SJ+M_1+R+M_2+ST)。通过分析发现各构成要素的出现情况差异会产生变式,如比较点是否同一产生不同的语法特点等而且由SVO/Pr/NG/NA语序类型所形成的语法规则(所属词、形容词都居于中心词之后)映射到差比句中,会形成汉语和印尼语差比句某些句型结构的差异。

The Indonesian comparative sentence is a kind of syntactic structure restricted by its meanings, and its basic structure is ＂ SJ ＋ M1 ＋ R ＋ M2 ＋ ST＂. On the basis of analysis, this paper finds that the differences of structural components can lead to the variations, for instance, whether the comparative forms is identical can result in different grammatical features. Moreover, when the word orders, of SVO/Pr/NG/NA having different grammatical rules （possessive words and adjectives are located after the modified structures） are mapped onto the comparative sentences, it will cause the difference of syntactic structure between Chinese and Indonesian.