浅谈城镇化背景下城市公共资源的有效配置

On Effective Allocation of Urban Public Resources under Background of Urbanization

城镇化的不断提高使得城市居民(新居民与原居民)对公共资源的数量、类型和结构等产生了新的需求,而现有公共资源供给的有限性导致了供需矛盾的凸显:道路拥堵、停车难、公共绿地减少、教育及医疗资源不均衡等诸多现象频繁出现。对此,笔者提出城镇化进程中公共资源有效配置的三个基本原则,即:问题守恒原则、帕累托最优原则和公平优先兼顾效率原则。在此原则基础上,创新性的提出了构建大数据智慧城市,为资源配置提供科学决策依据;用"时空对换"的思维解决道路拥堵、停车难等实际问题;依据马斯洛需求层次细分公共资源类型,提升资源利用价值;设置公共资源配置的合理门槛,保障资源使用的公平和效率。

The improving urbanization leads to the new demands of the urban residents（the new residents and former residents） on the public resources number, type and structure, meanwhile the limitation of the existing public resources resulted in sever contradiction between supply and demand, including road congestion, parking diffi culties, reductive public lawns, educational and medical resources are out of balance. In this regard, the author puts forward three basic principles of effective allocation of public resources in the process of urbanization, namely： the principle of problem conservation, the Pareto optimal principle and the principle of fairness priority and giving consideration to justice. On the basis of these principles, the innovative ideas are put forward, including to construct the wise city of big data is put forward, so as to provide scientifi c decision basis for the allocation of resources; to solve road congestion, parking and other practical problems with the thinking of exchanging time and space; to subdivide the types of public resources according to Maslow＇s hierarchy of needs in order to improve resource utilization value; to set the reasonable threshold of the public resources allocation to guarantee the fairness and the effi ciency of resource use.