新生儿重症监护病房实施出院计划对早产儿的有效延续居家护理效果评价

Effectiveness of discharge planning in neonatal intensive care unit on effective transitional carefor premature infants

目的研究新生儿重症监护病房早产儿实施出院计划对于家长抑郁焦虑程度和早产儿6个月内体格发育的影响。方法选取在新生儿重症监护病房接受治疗的100例早产儿作为本次研究的对象,按照随机数字表法将其平均分成试验组与对照组,对照组给予常规护理,试验组开展出院计划家居护理,对比分析护理后2组早产儿家长抑郁评分、早产儿3个月以及6个月的身高、体重情况。结果试验组早产儿家长护理后抑郁评分为(35.8±4.4)分、焦虑评分为(34.1±0.6)分,与对照组的抑郁评分(42.7±4.8)分、焦虑评分(46.9±0.8)分相比显著较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组早产儿3个月、6个月时身高分别为(59.8±8.9)cm、(67.5±6.4)cm,明显高于对照组的身高(49.5±9.5)cm、(55.5±5.6)cm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组早产儿3个月、6个月时体重分别为(6.8±1.1)kg、(8.1±1.5)kg,明显高于对照组的体重(5.1±0.8)kg、(6.9±1.3)kg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在重症监护室接受治疗的新生早产儿中实施出院计划的效果显著,改善了早产儿家长的抑郁焦虑症状,促进早产儿出院后体格发育。

Objective To study the effectiveness of discharge planning for premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit（ NICU） on the parents depression anxiety and physical development of infants within six months. Methods Total 100 premature infants undergoing treatment in NICU of our hospital were randomly and equally divided into two groups. The control group was given conventional nursing care,while the experimental group received discharge planning for hometransitional care. The nursing effect in both groups was compared. Results The depression score and anxiety score in the experimental group were obviously lower than that depression score and anxiety score in the control group[（ 35. 8 ± 4. 4）scores and（34. 1 ± 0. 6） scores vs.（42. 7 ± 4. 8） scores and（46. 9 ± 0. 8） scores],the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. The height of premature infantsat the 3rd and 6th months were（59. 8 ± 8. 9） cm and（67. 5 ± 6. 4） cm in the experimental group,which was significantly higher than that [（49. 5 ± 9. 5） cm and（55. 5 ± 5. 6） cm] in the control group（ P〈0. 05）. The neonatal weight at 3rd and 6th months were（6. 8 ± 1. 1） kg and（8. 1 ± 1. 5） kg in the experimental group,which was significantly higher than that[（5. 1 ± 0. 8） kg and（6. 9 ± 1. 3） kg] in the control group（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Discharge planning in NICU shows obvious effect on the transitional care of premature infants,which can improves the anxiety and depression symptoms of parents,promote the physical development of neonates.