中医轻剂与重剂辨析

Differences of Light and Heavy Prescriptions

轻剂和重剂是常被提起的一对中医方剂学概念,两者之间的区别主要集中在组成方剂药物的药性轻重、药味多少、药量大小、药力强弱等4个方面。药性轻重主要指组成方剂的药物质地和性味的薄厚,并依此将之搭配应用于表证、神志病和气血逆乱诸证;药味多少主要指组成方剂的药物数量的多寡,主要受到医者技术和素质高低以及疾病复杂程度的影响;药量大小主要指组成方剂的药物的剂量大小,需要考虑的因素包括药物多向调节的功效、疾病产生停留的部位、正邪虚实变化的速度;药力的强弱主要指组成方剂的药物的整体作用强度,取决于医者对于患者状态、疾病情况、时空变化等多方面的判定。

As a pair of concepts,light and weight prescriptions are often mentioned in traditional Chinese Medicine. The distinction between the prescriptions is mainly focused on drug＇s properties,drug＇s quantity,drug＇ s dosage or prescription＇ s efficacy. Drug＇ s properties mainly refer to drug＇s texture and taste,then is applied to the exterior syndrome,mental diseases and syndromes of disturbance of Qi and blood. Drug＇s quantity mainly refers to the number of the drugs in a prescription,it is influenced by doctor＇ s technology and character or complexity of disease. Drug＇s dosage mainly refers to the dose of a drug in a prescription,it is decided by three factors,like drug＇s multidirectional function,location of disease and the speed of the change of vital Qi and pathogenic Qi.Prescription＇s efficacy refers to the strength of all drugs in a prescription,it depends on the doctor＇s judgement to patient,disease,time,space and other aspects.