动车组铝合金车体两种强度分析模型的一致性分析

Research on Consistency of Finite Element Models of EMU Aluminum-Profile Car Body

由于动车组铝合金车体焊缝强度评价标准的升级以及动车组承载部件结构的特殊性,研究动车组车体强度分析模型的建模方法.分别建立某动车组车体实体单元和薄壳单元模型,根据EN12663-2010标准,对这两模型主要承载部件间焊缝的计算结果进行对比分析.结果表明:两模型在车钩座区域的应力结果最大相差13 MPa,在地板补板区域的应力结果最大相差11 MPa,在牵引梁区域的应力结果基本一致.因此,建议动车组类似车体底架结构的设计阶段,采用薄壳单元分析其强度时,上述两模型应力误差较大部位,应取较高的安全系数.

A strength analysis finite model of EMU aluminum profile car-body is studied due to the update of weld strength evaluation criteria of the aluminum body and specific characteristics of the key parts. For the car-body,a shell element FEM and a solid element FEM are established respectively. According to EN12663-2010 standard,two model calculation results show that the traction beam stress is almost coincident,and the maximum stress difference is 13 MPa at coupler area and 11 MPa at floor reinforce area. Thus a suggestion is proposed that a higher safety factor should be taken at above stress larger difference areas when a shell element model is used to calculate similar structure strength at design stage.