散发性脑小血管病的遗传学

Genetics of sporadic cerebral small vessel disease

脑小血管病（cerebral small vessel disease，CSVD）可分为散发性和遗传性，散发性CSVD的确切发病机制不明，除环境因素和血管危险因素外，遗传因素也可能起着重要作用。作为一种复杂性状的疾病，散发性CSVD具备多基因易感性的特点，因此，探讨相关的遗传学因素有助于了解散发性CSVD的发病机制。文章对散发性CSVD的遗传学研究进展进行了综述。

Cerebral small vessel disease （CSVD） can be divided into sporadic and hereditary CSVD. The exact pathogenesis of sporadic CSVD is unknown. Genetic factors may also play an important role, except for environmental and vascular risk factors. As a complicated disease, sporadic CSVD has the characteristics of multigenetic susceptibility. Therefore, investigating the related genetic factors may contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of sporadic CSVD. This article reviews the advances in research on the genetics of sporadic CSVD.