精神分裂症社区康复技术对患者自知力和社会功能康复的作用

The efficacy of community rehabilitation intervention on insight and social function of schizophrenia patients

目的探讨精神分裂症社区康复技术对患者自知力及社会功能康复的作用。方法将280例社区精神分裂症患者随机分为干预组(140例)和对照组(140例),干预组患者分组进行康复干预4周,对照组患者进行社区常规康复干预和健康教育。两组共269例患者完成12个月的随访。入组后分别于基线、随访6个月末、随访12个月末评定1次自知力与治疗态度问卷(insight and treatment attitude questionnaire,ITAQ)、个人与社会功能量表(personal and social performance scale,PSP)。结果 1重复测量方差分析结果显示,随访6个月和12个月,干预组患者ITAQ总分均高于对照组(P<0.001);2干预组患者末次随访PSP评分较基线增加分值高于对照组增加分值(P<0.05);3干预组患者复发率和住院率均低于对照组(P<0.001,P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症社区康复技术能够显著提高患者的自知力,改善其社会功能,有效预防复发并降低住院风险,具有社区推广意义。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of the schizophrenia community rehabilitation technology on insight and social function of schizophrenia patients. Method A total of 280 schizophrenia patients were randomly assigned to skills training group and control group. Both groups received the same treatments, but the skills training courses were given to skills training group patients for the first four weeks, and a oneyear follow-up was carried out. All patients were evaluated with standard rating scales. Result 1 Repeated measurement of variance analysis showed that the follow-up of 6 months and 12 months, the ITAQ scores in skills training group were higher than control group（P〈0.001）; 2 at the end of the follow-up, PSP scores increased compared with baseline scores in skills training group was higher than control group increased scores（P〈0.05）; 3 Skills training group of patients with recurrence rate and hospitalization rates were lower than control group（P〈0.001, P〈0.05）. Conclusion The schizophrenia community rehabilitation technology in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia can be effective in enhancing insight of schizophrenics and improving their social function, which can further decrease the dangerous factor of re-hospitalization.