中山市住院儿童病种就诊月份分布的对应分析

Correspondence between disease categories and hospital-visiting months among hospitalized children in Zhongshan City

目的应用对应分析探讨中山市住院儿童病种与就诊月份的关联。方法从中山市妇幼保健院病案室的医院病案系统中导出2010—2012年住院患儿（0-18岁）病案首页信息，对ICD编码首字母针对的病种与就诊月份的关系进行对应分析。结果对应分析结果显示，第一维惯量0．018，占总惯量构成比的59．1％；第二维惯量0．009，占总惯量构成比的28．7％；前二维惯量累积贡献率为87．8％，说明二维因子能解释资料的大部分信息，对应分析较好地揭示了月份和病种之间的联系。从因子载荷图可以看出不同种类病种与月份有明显的相关性，某些传染病和寄生虫病，循环系统疾病，内分泌、营养和代谢疾病与11、12月份联系紧密；呼吸系统疾病，症状、体症和临床与实验室异常所见，与2、3月份联系紧密；特征为皮肤和粘膜损害的病毒性感染与5月份联系紧密；消化系统疾病，原位肿瘤、血液系统疾病，起源于围生期的某些情况，先天畸形、变性和染色体异常，与4—10月份联系紧密。结论中山市大部分住院儿童病种在不同月份呈现不同的分布特点。掌握疾病的发生时间，有利于做好临床诊疗资源配置。

Objective To explore the correlation between disease categories and hospital - visiting months among hospitalized children in Zhongshan City by correspondence analysis. Methods We collected the information on the first pages of medical records of the hospitalized children （aged 0 - 18 years） from the Medical Record System of Medical Record Department, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zbongshan City during 2010 - 2012. Correspondence analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between disease categories based on the initials of ICD coding and the hospital - visiting months. Results The corresponding analysis showed that the first dimension of inertia was 0. 018, accounting for 59.1% of the total inertia. The second dimension of inertia was 0. 009, accounting for 28.7 % of the total inertia. The cumulative contribution from the two dimensions was 87.8 %, indicating that they could explain the most information of the data. Correspondence analysis effectively revealed the significant correlation between disease categories and hospital - visiting months by the factor load diagram. Some infectious diseases and parasitic diseases, circulatory system diseases as well as endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases were closely linked with November and December. Respiratory system diseases, symptoms, signs and clinical and laboratory abnormalities were closely associated with February and March. Viral infections characterized by skin and mucous membrane damages were closely related to May. Digestive system diseases, in situ tumor and blood system diseases, some symptoms occurring during perinatal period, congenital malformation, degeneration and chromosomal abnormalities were tightly correlated with the months between April and October. Conclusions Most of the disease categories of the hospitalized children in Zhongshan City present different distribution characteristics in different months. To master the occurrence time of diseases is conducive to effective allocation of the resources for clinical diagnosis and treatment.