广州某高校大学生手机使用与睡眠质量的关联分析

Correlation between mobile phone use and sleep quality among college students of a university in Guangzhou City

目的了解大学生手机使用与睡眠质量的现状，探讨手机使用对大学生睡眠质量的影响。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法，用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）和自制手机使用状况问卷，对1312名在校大学生进行问卷调查，对数据进行χ^2检验、多因素logistic回归分析。结果大学生手机使用率为98．6％，睡眠障碍检出率为33．6％。不同性别、生源地和自评性格大学生手机使用行为差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），女生、港澳台地区和情绪型大学生每天手机上网6h以上，手机依赖倾向高分组的比例均较高，女生、情绪型大学生的睡前使用手机频率和睡前使用手机时间均较高；不同年级、生源地、自评性格和不同手机使用行为的大学生睡眠质量差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），大四及以上、港澳台、情绪型性格、每天手机上网时间6h以上、经常睡前使用手机、睡前使用时间1h以上和手机依赖高分组的大学生睡眠质量障碍检出率最高。logistic回归分析发现，高年级（大二、大四OR分别为1．68、1．42，95％CI：1．19-2．38、1．02-1．99）、港澳台地区（OR=1．74，95％CI：1．31-2．31）、情绪型性格（OR=1．39，95％CI：1．31-2．31）、每天手机上网时间6h以上（OR=1．61，95％CI：1．02-2．53）和睡前使用手机时间1h以上（OR=1．95，95％CI：1．07～3．55）的大学生睡眠障碍发生率高。结论大学生手机使用会影响睡眠质量。开发手机软件的相关部门可考虑健康预警、使用限制等，大学生自身应合理使用手机，适当调节情绪，以改善睡眠质量。

Objective To investigate the current status of mobile phone use and sleep quality among undergraduates so as to explore the effect of mobile phone use on undergraduates＇ sleep quality. Methods Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） and a self- made questionnaire about mobile phone use were employed to conduct a survey among 1,312 undergraduates selected by stratified cluster sampling method. The Chi - square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results The use rate of mobile phone and the detection rate of sleep disorder among the undergraduates were 98.6 % and 33.6 % respectively. Significant differences were found in the mobile phone use among undergraduates with different gender, origins and self- reported personality （ P 〈 0.05）. A higher proportion of girls, HK/Maeao/Taiwan college students and under- graduates with emotional type of personality surfed the internet with mobile phone over 6 hours daily and had high score in mobile phone dependence tendency questions. The frequency and time of using mobile phone before going to bed were also higher in girls and undergraduates with emotional type of personality. Significant differences were also found in the sleep quality among undergraduates in different grades, with different origins, self- reported personality and mobile phone use （P 〈 0.05）. The detection rate of sleep disorder was higher in seniors, HK/Macao/Taiwan college students, undergraduates with emotional type of personality, undergraduates surfing the internet with mobile phone over 6 hours daily, undergraduates using mobile phone before going to bed frequently and over 1 hour daily, and undergraduates studeats having high score in mobile phone dependence tendency questions. Logistic regression analysis revealed that seniors （ sophomore OR = 1.68, 95 % CI ： 1.19 - 2.38 ; college seniors OR = 1.42, 95 % CI ： 1.02 - 1.99）, HK/Maeao/Taiwan college students （ OR = 1.74, 95 % CI ： 1.31 - 2.31 ）, undergraduates with emotional type of personality （OR = 1.39, 95 % CI： 1.31 - 2.31 ）, undergraduates surfing the internet with cell phone over 6 hours daily （ OR = 1.61, 95 % CI ： 1.02 - 2.53 ） and undergraduates using mobile phone before going to bed over 1 hour daily （ OR = 1.95, 95 % CI ： 1.07 - 3.55） had higher incidence of sleep disorder. Conclusions Using mobile phone can affect the undergraduates＇ sleep quality. The departments developing mobile phone software may consider health warning and service restrictions in cell phone use. College students should use mobile phone reasonably and adjust emotion appropriately so as to improve the quality of sleep.