颅内血肿穿刺引流术后颅内感染危险因素分析

Analysis about risk factors of postoperative intracranial infection in intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage

目的探讨颅内血肿穿刺引流术后颅内感染的危险因素。方法选择2010年1月~2015年6月在我院治疗的559例脑出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,所有患者均采用血肿穿刺引流手术治疗,分析术后颅内感染的发生率,并分析高危因素。结果单因素分析结果显示,患者年龄大、引流管位于脑室、引流管放置时间≥5 d、有脑脊液渗漏、注射尿激酶次数≥3次、合并糖尿病、合并低蛋白血症,颅内感染的发生率更高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。多因素分析结果显示：年龄、引流管位置、引流管放置时间、有脑脊液渗漏、注射尿激酶次数、合并糖尿病、合并低蛋白血症是脑出血患者血肿穿刺引流术后颅内感染的独立预测因素（P〈0.01）。结论颅内血肿穿刺引流术后颅内感染的影响因素较多,临床工作中应评估患者发生术后颅内感染的风险性,及时预防。

Objective To analyze risk factors of postoperative intracranial infection in intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage. Methods Clinical data of 559 cases with cerebral hemorrhage treated with intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage from Jan 2010 to Jun 2015 were respectively analyzed. Postoperative intracranial infection rate and risk factors were analyzed. Results Univariate analysis showed that, postoperative intracranial infection rates of the old,patients with drainage pipe in ventricle, drainage tube placement time ≥5 days, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, the num ber of injection of urokinase≥3 times, combined with diabetes, and hypoproteinemia were higher（P〈0.05 or 0.01）.Multivariate analysis showed that： age, rainage pipe location, drainage tube placement time, cerebrospinal fluid leakage,the number of injection of urokinase, combined with diabetes and hypoproteinemia were independent predictors. Conclusion Influencing factors of postoperative intracranial infection in intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage are many. In clinic, patients should be assessed the risks of intracranial infection after surgery, and given timely prevention.