章士钊的保守主义文化思想

ZHANG Shi-zhao's Conservative Cultural Ideology

作为 2 0世纪初中国知识界保守阵营中的一员 ,章士钊的文化思想经历了由温和至保守的迁易。从早期在宇宙史观上坚执“新旧调和”的论调 ,到最终抛出“明农复古”的文化主张 ,并在文学领域内标举文言、弃绝白话 ,章氏在构筑自身的保守主义文化理论建构的同时 ,也完成了心理、知性双重层面上向一名文化保守主义者的彻底转变。而他为中国文化发展道路所作出的“明农复古”的文化设计虽是潮流的反动 ,却亦有其学理上的合理之处 。

In the Chinese intellectural circles,ZHAN Shi zhao was regarded as a member in the conservative camp at the begining of the 20th century.His cultural ideology experienced the change from the moderate to the conservative,with the cosmic historical view sticking at first to the reconciliation between the classical and the modern and shifting finally to the doctrine of 'return to the ancient'.Literarily speaking,he valued writings in classical Chinese style and discarded the application of vernacular and colloquialism.While he was constructing his own conservative cultural theories,he thoroghly turned into a cultural conservative both psychologically and intellectually.Although the doctrine of 'return to the ancient' which he designed for the development of the Chinese culture reacted against the trend,it still offered something theoretically reasonable,which can be used as reference for the current cultural reconstruction.