全身麻醉和硬膜外麻醉对老年股骨颈骨折髋关节置换术的影响

A Comparison of General and Epidural Anaesthesia for Hip Replacement of Femoral Neck Fracture in the Elderly

目的:评价全身麻醉与硬膜外麻醉对老年股骨颈骨折患者髋关节置换手术的影响,探讨适合老年患者行髋关节置换术的麻醉方法。方法:共91例老年股骨颈骨折患者接受髋关节置换术。其中全身麻醉组50例,硬膜外麻醉组41例。比较2种麻醉方法在手术时间、出血量、术后输血量、术后恶心呕吐、术后尿潴留、住院天数等方面的指标。结果:硬膜外麻醉组患者在术后恶心呕吐、术后输血量、住院天数优于全身麻醉组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);手术时间、出血量、术后尿潴留方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:老年股骨颈骨折患者行髋关节置换术时,实施硬膜外麻醉方法与全身麻醉方法相比,硬膜外麻醉方法能降低术后恶心呕吐发生率,减少术后输血量,缩短住院时间,有一定的优越性,值得推荐。

Objective：To explore a reasonable anesthesia method for the hip replacement in elder patients suffered from femoral neck fractures by comparing the effect of general and epidural anaesthesia.Methods：A total of 91 patients were treated with hip joint replacement.50 patients received general anaesthesia,the other patients received epidural anaesthesia.Operating time,blood loss,post-operative transfusion,post-operative nausea and vomiting,urinary retention and the length of hospital stay were assessed.Results：There was statistical significance in post-operative nausea and vomiting,post-operative transfusion and the length of hospital stay between the two anesthesia method（P0.05）.There was no statistical significance in operating time,blood loss and urinary retention（P0.05）.Conclusion：Compared with general anaesthesia,the epidural anaesthesia decrease the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting and post-operative transfusion,and also shorten the length of hospital stay,which is a better anesthesia method for the hip arthroplasty operation.