企业海外投资的非政府性障碍及中国的对策研究

The Research on Non-Governmental Obstacles in Foreign Investment and China's Strategy

除来自东道国政府的各种政治、法律和经济障碍之外,近年来中资企业在海外投资过程中也遭遇过大量非政府性障碍,其中,环境责任、劳工标准、文化保护、当地"经济贡献"和正当行政程序为其主要表现形式。东道国投资环境宽松、我国海外投资管理模式落后、中资企业逐利本性是产生非政府性障碍的主要原因。投资母国防范海外投资非政府性障碍风险的关键在于系统和灵活运用国际与国内两套规则,注重法律保护,我国在新签订或修订的双边或多边投资协定中应增加投资标准条款,督促东道国政府承担保护的责任,并通过构建企业海外信息披露制度,促使投资母国与当地民众、非政府组织实行"共同管制",此外,还要激励中资企业自觉遵守社会责任,进而在东道国树立起负责任的中资企业形象。

Recently, with the development of foreign investment, China＇ s enterprises are sometimes encoun- tered with the protests of NGOs and locals in the host countries. Environmental responsibility, labor standards, cultural preservation, local economic contribution and administrative due process together are urgent problems to China＇ s enterprises. Clearly, the reasons are the flexible investment criteria in the host countries and the out-of- dated management of China＇ s overseas investment, as well as the purpose of maximum profit of the enterprises. With the guidance of utilizing the domestic and international rules, China should add investment standard to new BITs and IIAs, build the legal overseas information disclosure system and encourage NGOs to supervise the investment. Additionally, our government should set the incentives for the enterprises abiding by the Corporate Social Responsibility in the host countries in order to establish responsible Chinese enterprise images globally.