《说文解字·雨部》字研究

A Study on the Words in Shuowen V Bu

《说文·雨部》收字47个,包含了上古先民对种种气象的认知成果,反映了上古时期朴素的气象自然观。《雨部》位于《说文》十一卷下,同卷部首字及部首内部字的排列顺序体现了许慎"据形系联、以类相从"的系联原则。就词义训释而言,许慎采用了类别式义界、描写式义界与直训三种训释方式及形训、义训与声训三种训诂方法。本文通过系联《雨部》部中字来探讨《说文》的排列原则;通过辨析许慎对《雨部》的词义训释,来论述《说文》的训释方式及训释目的;通过文献典籍的印证来对《说文·雨部》的气象名物词进行疏证,以此反映先民对自然现象的认知过程和对气象称谓命名的原由。

Shuowen V Bu covers 47 words,including the ancient ancestors＇ various meteorological cognitive outcomes,and reflects the ancient period simple meteorological Nature. ＂ Yu Bu＂ is in the＂Shuowen＂eleventh volumes,and the order of the words in the same volume and the radical characters reflects the principles of arrangement ＂according to form lines linked to class phase form＂. As for the meaning of explanation,Xu Shen adopted the category of the sense of righteousness,the description of the meaning and the direct training.Xu Shen also adopted three methods,such as,form of interpretation,meaning interpretation and sound interpretation. We try to explain the principle arrangement of＂Shuowen＂by systematizing the words of＂V Bu＂; We try to discriminate the explanation of ＂ v Bu＂ to figure out the way of explanations purpose; We use literature Classics to prove the reason for the terminology of Shuowen V Bu weather nouns and to reflect the cognitive processes of natural phenomena and the reason of weather appellation name terminology.