近63年中国东部冬季气温异常的时空分布特征

Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of winter temperature in eastern China over the recent 63 years

利用中国东部地区115站1951-2013年冬季气温以及美国国家大气科学研究中心和环境预报中心再分析资料,采用经验正交展开和旋转经验正交展开方法,分析中国东部地区近63 a冬季气温变化特征,并基于气候划分的区域分析了其与大气环流异常的关系.结果表明中国东部冬季气温变化在总体一致型的基础上还存在东北一西南反向变化的类型.近63 a冬季气温在1984年前后发生了显著变化,东部冬季气温突变略早于全国,近30 a来中国东部冬季气温明显偏高.中国东部地区冬季气温异常可以分为华南-东南区、东北区、华中区和河套区。西伯利亚高压、东亚大槽和西风急流与中国东部地区冬季气温变化有着显著的相关关系.

Based on the monthly temperature at 115 stations of eastern China and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1951 to 2013,the variation of spatial mode for winter temperature in eastern China and its relationship with the atmospheric circulation were studied by using methods of empirical orthogonal function,rotated empirical orthogonal function and the correlation analysis.The results showed that winter temperature changes in eastern China exhibited two major modes,the first mode having an identical signal in the whole eastern China and the second displaying a seesaw pattern between northeast China and northwest China.The temperature underwent a sudden change in 1984,which was earlier than that in the whole country,and had been increasing in the last 30 years;the winter temperature anomalies in eastern China could be divided into four areas：southern-southeast,northeast,central and the Hetao areas;the Siberia High,East Asian Trough and the westerly jet had a significant relationship with the winter temperature changes in eastern China.