数控机床几何误差源的快速辨识方法

Rapid Identification Method for Geometric Errors of CNC Machine Tools

针对数控机床几何误差源的辨识问题,研究了基于球杆仪测量信息的机床几何误差源快速辨识方法.采用多项式模型描述机床几何误差源,建立了几何误差源与球杆仪杆长误差之间的线性映射模型.提出一种球杆仪空间误差检测轨迹,该测量轨迹使得球杆仪仅需一次安装即可实现大范围的空间测量.基于该轨迹上的误差测量数据,利用岭回归方法辨识出机床几何误差源全集.仿真与实验结果均验证了所提辨识方法的准确性与有效性,基于激光干涉仪测量方法的验证实验表明,球杆仪辨识结果与激光干涉仪测量结果的偏差在2.3,μm以下.

For the identification issues of machine tools＇ geometric errors,a rapid identification method was pro-posed using double ball-bar（DBB）system. The polynomial model was used to represent geometric errors,and the linear mapping model between geometric errors and DBB length errors was established. Meanwhile,a measurement scheme which required only one installation of the DBB was applied to perform a large space measurement,and ridge regression method was adopted to identify all of the geometric errors. The results of simulation and experiment verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed identification methods,and the deviations between DBB iden-tification results and laser measurement data are less than 2.3,μm.