中国农村文化在城市化背景下面临的困境思考

Reflection on Plight of Rural Culture in the Context of Urbanization of China

中国快速的城市化造成了大量乡村的消失和农村居民"进城",城市化对农村居民带来了严峻的现实挑战和观念冲击,突出表现为农村衰落带来的文化生存的焦虑;不彻底的城市化及过分改造导致文化传承的困境和冲突,源于宏观战略层面上的经济发展对文化构建的替换,中观层面上对现代化和城市化的片面理解,微观操作层面上的公共文化供给的缺失;文化的养成传承是一个积累和渐进的过程,文化困境的破解和共同价值理念的塑造是要探索具有中国特色的乡村文化保护模式,应寻求现代性起点上的城乡文化融合,发挥农村居民文化需求主体的作用。

Rapid urbanization of China has brought about the disappearance of a large number of rural communities and the rush to cities of numerous rural residents. However,the real urbanization doesn＇ t merely mean household register,civilization should also be taken into account. The paper indicates that urbanization in China has affected the original rural residents severely both in reality and in notions,which outstandingly show on cultural survival anxiety caused by decline of rural areas,culture conflicts with halfway urbanization and problems of cultural inheritance because of excessive transformation. The main reasons for those problems are substitution of economic construction for culture construction at macro level,partial opinion of urbanization and modernization on the middle level and lack of public culture supply at the micro level. Cultural cultivation and transformation is a gradual process of accumulation. In order to resolve the predicaments of culture and form common values,rural residents should become the subject of culture to realize cultural integration between urban and rural areas based on modernity and to find various protection models of traditional culture.