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夏季热带北大西洋海温异常对西北太平洋热带气旋生成的影响 被引量:13

Impact of summer tropical Atlantic SST anomaly on western North Pacific tropical cyclone genesis
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摘要 利用1979—2012年西北太平洋热带气旋最佳路径资料,Hadley中心的海温资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料等,研究了夏季(6—10月)热带北大西洋海温异常与西北太平洋热带气旋(Tropical Cyclone,TC)生成的关系及其可能机制。结果表明,夏季热带北大西洋海温异常与同期西北太平洋TC生成频次之间存在显著的负相关关系。热带北大西洋海温的异常增暖可产生一对东—西向分布的偶极型低层异常环流,其中气旋性异常环流位于北大西洋/东太平洋地区,反气旋异常环流位于西北太平洋地区。该反气旋环流异常使得TC主要生成区的对流活动受到抑制、低层涡度正异常、中低层相对湿度负异常、中层下沉气流异常,这些动力/热力条件均不利于TC生成。此外,西北太平洋地区低层涡旋动能负异常,同时来自大尺度环流的涡旋动能的正压转换也受到抑制,不能为TC的生成和发展提供额外能量源。反之亦然。 The influences of sea surface temperature( SST) anomaly in the North tropical Atlantic( NTA) during boreal summer( June-October) on tropical cyclone( TC) formation over the w estern North Pacific( WNP),and the underlying physical mechanisms are investigated using TC best track data sets,Hadley SST data and NCEP / NCAR reanalysis data for the period of 1979—2012. A significant negative correlation betw een WNP TC genesis frequency and simultaneous June-October NTA SST anomalies are demonstrated. The results suggest that the NTA SST w arming produces a pair of low-level anomalous circulations,w ith an anomalous cyclonic circulation over the tropical Atlantic / eastern Pacific,and an anomalous anticyclonic circulation over the WNP. This anticyclonic circulation anomaly suppresses convection and barotropic energy conversion from large-scale flow,reduces low-level cyclonic vorticity and midtropospheric humidity,thus greatly inhibits the TC genesis over the WNP; and vice versa.
出处 《大气科学学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2016年第1期55-63,共9页 Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences
基金 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB430202) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41230422) 南京信息工程大学人才启动经费(2015r035 2014r006)
关键词 热带北大西洋 海温异常 西北太平洋 热带气旋生成 动力条件 热力条件 North tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature anomaly western North Pacific tropical cyclone genesis dynamic condition thermodynamic condition
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