我国大气颗粒物中金属元素健康风险评价研究进展

Research Progresses on Health Risk Assessment of Metal Elements in Atmospheric Particulate Matter

随着经济迅速发展和城市化进程加快,大气颗粒物污染已成为突出的环境问题,大气颗粒物中金属元素健康风险水平引起人们普遍关注.健康风险评价起步于20世纪30年代,国际上健康风险评价模式多以美国科学院提出的四步法为范式,包括危害识别、剂量—反应评估、暴露评估和风险表征.基于国外健康风险评价模型,我国学者对大气颗粒物中金属元素健康风险进行了一系列研究;今后健康风险评价必须建立适合我国实际情况的基础参数数据库和健康风险评价模型.

With the rapid development of economy and the speeding up of urbanization,atmospheric particulate matter pollution has become a prominent environmental problem and the health risk level of the metal elements in atmospheric particulate matter has caused widespread concern. The health risk assessment began in the 1930 s and developed in the paradigm proposed by the National Academy of Sciences,United States,including hazard identification,dose-response assessment,exposure assessment and risk characterization. In addition,based on the health risk assessment model,the research on the health risk of the metal elements in atmospheric particulate matter was carried out. It is quite necessary for further research work to establish a suitable parameter database and a health risk assessment model for China＇s actual situation.