宁波地区骨科病房护士核心能力及其影响因素

The Core Competence of Nurses from Orthopedic Department in Ningbo and Its Influencing Factors

目的调查宁波地区骨科病房护士核心能力及其影响因素,为护理人力资源的合理配置和制定核心能力分层培训方案提供基础资料和循证依据。方法 2014年3-9月,便利抽样法选取宁波地区11所三级以上医院骨科病房的426名护士为调查对象。采用《中国注册护士核心能力量表》对其核心能力现状进行调查。结果宁波地区11所三级以上医院骨科病房护士中存在"双低"现象,初级职称占了73.9%,低工作年限占77.7%;护士核心能力总分为(139.8±38.9)分,处于中下水平。核心能力7个维度中伦理与法律实践能力得分最高,然后依次为人际关系能力、领导能力、临床护理能力、专业发展能力、教育咨询能力、批判性思维和科研能力。条目中得分最高的前3个条目为"对自己的工作负责","认同他人的付出和取得的成绩","尊重患者或委托人的隐私";得分最低的后3个条目为"将相关的研究结果运用于护理实践","拟定适当的新入职护士的职前培训计划","起到改革者的作用,将新的理论和时间相结合"。年龄、工作年限、职称、学历是影响护士核心能力的主要因素。结论宁波地区骨科病房护士核心能力处于中下水平,有较大的提高空间;工作年限、职称和学历是影响其核心能力水平的主要因素,应特别重视批判性思维和科研能力、教育咨询能力和专业发展能力的培养。

Objective To discuss the core competence of nurses from orthopedic department in Ningbo and its influencing factors,in order to provide basic materials and evidence-based reference for the suitable allocation of human resources and set core competence hierarchy training plan.Methods By convenience sampling,426 nurses were selected and investigated by the scale of Chinese competency inventory for registered nurses.Results Nurses of the primary title and limited working year accounted for 73.9% and77.7%,respectively.The mean competency score was 139.8±38.9,which was in the middle-low level.The score of legal/ethical practice dimension scored the highest,followed by interpersonal relation,leadership,clinical care,professional development,teaching-coaching,critical thinking and research ability.The top three scored dimensions were taking responsibility for one＇s own performance,recognizing other＇s contributions and achievements and respecting the patient＇s/client＇s right to privacy,respectively.The bottom three were incorporating relevant research findings into nursing practice,initiating the appropriate orientation programs for new nurses and acting as a change agent for the integration of new concepts and time.Age,working years,positional titles and education background were the most important factors affecting the competency score.Conclusion The core competency of nurses from orthopedic department in Ningbo is in the middle-low level,and has room of improvement.Working years,positional titles and education background are the important factors affecting the competency score.The cultivation of critical thinking and research ability,teaching-coaching and professional development should be emphasized.