广东省某医院放射科及周边工作人员的健康状况

Health Conditions of Medical Staff in Radiotherapy and Surrounding Departments in a Hospital of Guangdong Province

[目的]了解放射科及周边工作人员的健康状况,为加强健康管理提供参考依据。[方法]选择广东省某医院17名放射科周边工作的医务人员为周边组;按性别构成比相同,年龄±3岁,抽取同一医院放射工作人员17人为放射组;选择无放射性职业接触且岗位远离放射诊疗设备的医务人员34人为对照组。收集上述3组人员健康检查资料,包括医学史、眼科检查(晶体裂隙灯检查)、血常规、血生化、周围血淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析、淋巴细胞微核率、甲状腺功能、甲状腺彩色B超、尿常规、心电图及腹部B超,并进行数据分析。同时检测该医院放射设备的辐射剂量及工作人员的个人照射剂量。[结果]该院放射设备防护性能、设备所在机房周围辐射剂量结果均符合国家职业卫生标准要求。放射工作人员人均剂量当量为(0.15±0.01)m Sv/年,无超剂量接触。甲状腺结节检出率周边组和放射组分别为70.59%和52.94%,高于对照组(0.00%,均P<0.05);染色体畸变率周边组和放射组分别为17.65%和29.41%,高于对照组(0.00%,均P<0.05);放射组白细胞总数[(7.26±0.44)×109/L]高于对照组[(6.03±0.24)×109/L](P<0.05)。[结论]该医院放射科室及其周边工作人员的甲状腺结节检出率及染色体畸变率均高于对照人群。

[Objective] To understand the health conditions of radiation medical staff and those working in proximity of radiotherapy department,so as to provide reference for reinforcing physical health management.[Methods] Study subjects were medical staff in a hospital of Guangdong Province.We chose 17 staff working around the radiotherapy department as the peripheral group;17 radiation staff as the radiation group matched by gender（1∶1） and age（±3 years） with the peripheral group;and 34 staff without occupational radiation exposure and working away from radiation therapy equipment as the control group.Their medical examination records were collected for statistical analysis,including medical history,ophthalmologic（crystal slit lamp） examination,blood routine examination,blood biochemical examination,chromosome aberration analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes,lymphocytes micronucleus,thyroid function,thyroid color B ultrasound,urine routine examination,electrocardiogram,and abdominal ultrasound.Meanwhile,the radiation doses from radiation therapy equipment and received by medical staff were measured.[Results] The protective performance of radioactive equipment and the radiation doses around the equipment rooms met the national occupational health standards.The per capita effective dose equivalent of the radiation medical staff was（0.15±0.01） m SV/a,and no individual exposure exceeded the national standard limits.The positive rates of thyroid nodules in the peripheral group and the radiation group were 70.59% and 52.94% respectively,higher than that of the control group（0.00%）（both Ps 〈 0.05）;the incidence rates of chromosome aberrations were 17.65% and 29.41% respectively,also higher than that of the control group（0.00%）（both Ps 〈 0.05）;the leukocyte count in the radiation group [（7.26±0.44）×109/L] was higher than that of the control group [（6.03±0.24）×109/L]（P 〈 0.05）.[Conclusion] The findings indicate higher incidence rates of thyroid nodules and chromosome aberrations in the radiation medical staff and those who work in proximity than that in the control population in the selected hospital.