室内地板的甲醛释放规律研究

Rule of Formaldehyde Released from Indoor Floor Board

目的探索室内地板甲醛释放的影响因素和释放规律。方法在环境测试舱中分别改变温度、湿度、换气率、装载率等环境因素,测试高纤维木地板、复合实木地板、竹地板的甲醛平衡质量浓度,并采用单指数模型对实验结果进行拟合。结果室内地板释放的甲醛质量浓度随温度、湿度、装载率的增加而增加,换气率的增加将导致舱内甲醛质量浓度降低;当温度超过5℃或装载率大于0.5 m^2/m^3、湿度为35%~75%、换气率为0.5~1.5次/h时,高纤维木地板释放的甲醛质量浓度均超过国家标准规定的浓度,最高甲醛质量浓度达0.420 mg/m^3,为国家标准的4.2倍;木地板释放的甲醛质量浓度与温度或湿度、装载率的关系基本符合单指数模型,其R^2值高达0.99968。结论高温、高湿环境可促进室内地板的甲醛释放。

Objectives To investigate the factors influencing the rule of formaldehyde released from indoor floor board. Methods The concentrations of formaldehyde releasing from high fiber wood floor board,composite solid wood floor board and bamboo floor board for different environmental factors,such as temperature,humidity,loading ratio or ventilation rate were investigated in an environmental test chamber,and the experimental data was fitted with the single index model. Results The concentration of formaldehyde released from floor board increase with the rise of temperature,humidity and loading ratio; and the concentrations of formaldehyde in the air of environmental chamber decrease with the rise of ventilation rate. The concentrations of formaldehyde released from high fiber wood floor board exceed the national standard limits when the temperature was over 15℃,the loading ratio was over 0. 5 m^2/m^3,the humidies were 35% ~ 75%,and the ventilation rates were 0. 5 ~ 1. 5 times perhour. The highest concentration of formaldehyde released from high fiber wood floor board was 0. 420 mg / m3,which was4. 2 times that of the national standard limit. The relationship between the concentration of formaldehyde released from floor board with the temperature,humidity of indoor air and loading ratio were in agreement with the single index model,and the maximum R^2 would be 0. 99968. Conclusions High temperature and high humidity environment can promote the release of formaldehyde from floor board in indoor.