河南省黄河沿岸景观格局动态变化及脆弱度分析

Dynamic changes and vulnerability analysis of landscape pattern along the Yellow River in Henan Province

以河南省黄河沿岸中东部地区为研究对象,以2000年、2006年和2012年3个时期的TM遥感影像为数据源,通过景观格局指数计算,运用景观敏感度指数和景观恢复度指数构建景观脆弱度指数,并基于GIS工具和地统计学方法,分析了研究区景观格局动态变化以及景观脆弱度的时空变化情况。结果表明:1)研究区2000—2012年旱地的转换面积最多,水田大面积转化为旱地,林地和草地面积减少,建设用地面积增加的速度最快,水域主要转化为耕地,表明城市化、农业活动和黄河水资源量变化是景观变化主因。2)10 km采样间距内研究区景观格局脆弱度具有高度的空间相关性,而城市化及其他人类活动的非结构性因素是景观脆弱度变化主因,但随着城市化进程的稳定,城市化等非结构性因素的影响力会降低。3)2000年到2012年河南省黄河沿岸景观格局脆弱度总体上呈递增趋势,且人类活动是景观脆弱度的主要影响因素。

Taking the middle and east area along the Yellow River in Henan Province as the research area, and using the TM remote sensing images of 2000, 2006 and 2012 as the data sources, this paper calculated the landscape pattern indices, and built the landscape fragility index by using the landscape sensitivity index and landscape restoration degree index. Based on GIS tools and geo statistical methods, this paper analyzed the dynamic changes of landscape pattern and spatial and temporal changes of landscape vulnerability degree in the study area. The results showed that： 1 ） the top conversion area is farmland, a large area of paddy land was converted to farmland, woodland and grassland area decreased, waters was mainly transformed into farmland, and construction land area increased fastest. The main reasons of landscape change are urbanization, agricultural activities and changes in amount of water resources in the Yellow River; 2） the landscape pattern has a high degree of spatial correlation of vulnerability in the 10 km sampling interval, non structural factors of urbanization and other human activities are the main reason, for landscape fragility degree change ; 3） From 2000 to 2012, the vulnerability of the landscape pattern along the Yellow River in Henan Province has an increasing trend, and human activity is the main influencing factor of landscape vulnerability.