武侠小说与20世纪80年代大众文化的自由精神

Gongfu Fiction and Freedom Spirit in the Popular Culture of the 1980s

20世纪80年代最流行的小说品种是武侠小说。武侠小说中的自由主义精神是它之所以流行的原因,也说明80年代的大众文化的核心特点是自由主义。武侠小说中的"武"显现了身体自由,"侠"显现了道义的自由,小说的虚构性显现了想象力的自由。武侠小说至少有五条保证自由的原则:一是远离政治经济的现实;二是叙述者必然要与人物拉开距离;三是安排武功相生相克的原理;四是有强烈的传统文化自由观;五是有自由的想象力。这些共同保证了武侠小说的自由品格,吻合了80年代大众文化对自由的追求与渴望。

The most popular fiction in the 1980 s is Gongfu fiction,and the reason for its popularity is its freedom spirit,which also explains that the core feature of mass culture in the 1980 s is freedom. In Gongfu fiction,＂valiancy＂shows the body freedom,and ＂chivalry＂displays the freedom of morality and justice freedom while＂fictionality＂demonstrates the freedom of imagination. There are at least five principles to ensure freedom in Kongfu fiction. The first is to keep away from the political and economic reality; the second is to keep some distance between figures and narrators; the third is to follow the principle that martial arts mutually reinforce and neutralize each other; the fourth is the distinctive view of freedom for traditional culture; and the fifth is free imagination. These five elements have jointly ensured the trait of freedom in Gongfu fiction and has coincided with the pursuit of and desire for freedom in the mass culture of the 1980 s.