从乡饮酒礼看明代地方社会控制

The Local Social Control of Ming Dynasty Viewed through Community Drinking Rituals

明代的乡饮酒礼体现了这一礼仪体系在传统社会最后阶段的形态,它是地方政府官员与士绅阶层合作、与宗族组织等乡民自治体系相配合,推行朝廷教化的措施;是地方政府搭建官方扩展政治资源的平台和编制"权力的文化网络"的契机;是共同维护基层社会秩序,保证国家权力向基层社会延伸与渗透的载体;是明政府社会控制机制的集中体现。

The community drinking ritual of the Ming Dynasty stands for the last stage of the etiquette system in traditional society,for it is an approach to moralization proposed by the imperial government and implemented through the collaboration between local government officials and the gentry class as well as the coordination with the villagers autonomy system like the clan organization,etc. Moreover,it is an opportunity for local government officials to build a platform for expanding official political resources and to establish the ＂cultural nexus＂of power; and it is also a carrier for jointly maintaining the basic social order and for ensuring the extension and infiltration of state power to grass-roots social strata as well as a concentrated embodiment of the social control mechanism of the Ming imperial government.