基于短程硝化工艺的垃圾渗滤液脱氮处理研究进展

Review of Nitrogen Removal for Landfill Leachate Based on Partial Nitrification Technology

垃圾填埋时间达5 a以上便产生"中老龄"垃圾渗滤液,由于该类废水氨氮浓度较高,无机离子浓度高,C/N较低,是目前普遍认为的难降解废水。总结了该类垃圾渗滤液的水质特点,介绍了短程硝化-反硝化、短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化新型生物脱氮工艺的原理与优势,即可以在提高脱氮效率的同时显著降低运行成本。此外,对新型生物脱氮工艺应用于垃圾渗滤液脱氮处理的国内外现状进行了总结。目前,国内将其应用于"中老龄"垃圾渗滤液处理方面的研究较少,具有很大的潜力,在对处理效果、最佳运行条件和反应机理等方面都有待深入研究。

The stabilized landfill leachate,produced from long-term landfill process of more than 5 years,is widely recognized as the most refractory wastewater due to high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and inorganic ions and low ratio of carbon to nitrogen（ C/N）. The characteristics of landfill leachate were summarized,and the principles and advantages of new biological nitrogen removal technologies,such as single reactor high activity ammonia removal over nitrite（ SHARON） and partial nitrification（ PN）-anaerobic ammonium oxidation（ anammox）processes,were introduced,which can significantly reduce the operating costs while increasing the nitrogen removal efficiency. Also the application of new technologies in landfill leachate nitrogen removal was stated based on literature review of home and abroad. At present,there are few researches on the application of new nitrogen removal technologies in the treatment of the stabilized landfill leachate, leaving great potential for further development. The treatment effect,the best operating conditions and the reaction mechanism need to be studied further.