水稻抗稻瘟病Pigm(t)基因的分子标记辅助选择与利用

Marker-assisted Selection and Application of Blast Resistant Gene Pigm(t) in Rice

旨在快速改良武运粳29196的稻瘟病抗性。采用定向回交育种策略,运用分子标记辅助选择技术和花药培养技术,快速改良武运粳29196的稻瘟病抗性。以籼稻品种谷梅4号为稻瘟病抗性基因Pigm(t)的供体,以高产易感稻瘟病的品系武运粳29196为受体,在连续回交和自交过程中,利用与Pigm(t)紧密连锁的In Dels标记S95477和S29742进行分子标记辅助选择。在BC2F1世代,进行花药培养,获得185个双单倍体群体(DH群体),从中筛选出82个含有Pigm(t)基因的改良株系。在经过对农艺性状、稻瘟病抗性的系统鉴定与稻米品质性状测定后,发现改良株系DH036和DH158的综合性状与武运粳29196已十分相近,且稻米品质有所提升,保持了武运粳29196丰产性的同时,稻瘟病抗性有了明显的提高。利用定向回交、花药培养和分子标记辅助选择相结合的技术体系,可明显提高稻瘟病抗性改良的预见性和准确性,缩短育种年限、加快育种进程。新育成的武运粳29196抗性改良系,为稻瘟病抗性育种提供了重要的遗传资源。

This study was aimed to improve the resistance of Wuyunjing 29196. Blast resistant gene Pigm（ t）showed a broad spectrum of strong resistance. Wuyunjing 29196 is an excellent conventional Japonica rice,which has good yielding but sensitive to rice blast. This study was aimed to improve the resistance of Wuyunjing 29196 to blast by MAS and anther culture. GM4,a variety carrying a resistant gene Pigm（ t）,was used as the donor parent.Two closely linked In Del markers,S95477 and S29742,were employed to select the Pigm（ t） gene in each generation. Finally,185 DH（ Double haploid） lines were developed from the anthers of BC2F1 plants. Among them,82 improved lines with homozygous Pigm（ t） were selected. Multiple agronomic traits including grain yield and resistance to rice blast and the rice quality were characterized. Two fine lines,DH036 and DH158 screened out,finally which had increased resistance level and enhanced yield production. More importantly,they had similar plant architecture and other traits. Simultaneously had high resistance to rice blast and quality. The combination of anther culture and marker-assisted selection successfully improved the resistance to rice blast,in a short breeding period. The improved Wuyunjing 29196 with high blast resistance level provided important genetic resources in breeding.