19份玉米EMS诱变系的遗传差异评价

Evaluation on Genetic Differences of 19 Maize Mutant Lines Induced by EMS

对新选的玉米EMS诱变系进行遗传评价是对其展开利用研究的前提。以19份玉米EMS诱变系为试材,利用表型分析和玉米品种鉴定技术规程SSR标记法（NY/T1432-2014）,研究各诱变系与相应基础试材间的遗传差异,结果表明：在考察的20个性状中,与基础试材相比,诱变系K305Y1403、K305Y1409、K305Y1411和K305Y1415有9个性状达到显著或极显著差异;R08Y1425、R08Y1423、R08Y1429分别有17,13,12个性状达到显著或极显著差异,与相应基础试材差异较大。40对SSR引物,平均每对引物在来源于K305与R08的诱变系中,检测出的等位基因个数平均分别为3.8,4.2个,扩增出的基因型个数平均分别为1.90,2.15个;每个位点的多态性信息量（PIC）分别为0~0.76和0~0.88,平均PIC分别为0.20和0.28;与基础材料间的遗传相似系数分别为0.790~0.918和0.707~0.884,平均分别为0.862和0.809;各诱变系与相应基础试材的遗传差异位点数均在2个或2个以上。综上可知,该19份新选诱变系与相应基础试材间存在真实的遗传差异,可继续开展其遗传利用研究。

Genetic evaluation and potential application researches of new mutations are the preconditions of using and studying. Genetic differences between mutants and corresponding basic materials were studied by phenotypic characters analysis and the protocol for the identification of maize varieties-SSR marker method（ NY / T1432-2014） were used in this study with 19 EMS mutants. The major results were as follows： Great differences were existed between K305 and its mutants such as K305Y1403,K305Y1409,K305Y1411 and K305Y1415. There were 9characters significant or extremely significant between K305 and them in the 20 characters investigated in this study. Mutants R08Y1425,R08Y1423,R08Y1429 were also greatly different from R08. And there were 17,13,12 characters significant or extremely significant,respectively. The results of 40 SSR markers showed that each marker was detected 3. 8 and 4. 2 alleles between K305,R08 and their mutants,respectively. Numbers of genotype amplified from them were 1. 90 and 2. 15 on average. Polymorphism information content（ PIC） at each location of K305 and R08 group were 0 ~ 0. 76 and 0 ~ 0. 88,respectively,and its average PIC were 0. 20 and 0. 28,respectively. Genetic similarity coefficient of K305 and R08 between their mutants were 0. 790 ~ 0. 918 and 0. 707 ~ 0. 884,and their average genetic similarity coefficient were 0. 862 and 0. 809. Different genetic locations of each mutation and their based materials K305 and R08 were two or above. All of the results suggested that there were real genetic differences between base material and their mutations and the application researches could be continued.