上海市静安区1975—2014年户籍人口自杀死亡情况分析

Suicide mortality among permanent residents in Jing'an district of Shanghai,1975-2014

目的探讨1975—2014年上海市静安区户籍人口自杀死亡的流行情况,为提早预防和干预提供参考依据。方法利用静安区1975—2014年居民死因监测资料分析自杀死亡占伤害的死因构成比,不同性别、不同年龄的自杀死亡水平差异以及1975—2014年自杀死亡水平的变化趋势。结果 1975—2014年静安区自杀死亡总数为1 104例,占伤害的死因构成比为15.06%,位居伤害死因第2位;男性平均自杀粗死亡率为6.84/10万,女性平均自杀粗死亡率为6.67/10万,差异无统计学意义;在自杀死亡的人群中,15-44岁组和≥65岁组所占的比例较大,分别占36.32%和43.93%,且≥65岁组老年人的自杀死亡率较高（17.42/10万）;1975—2014年自杀死亡率的长期趋势分析呈逐年下降的线性趋势;用SAS系统中的自回归过程进行时间序列线性趋势拟合,回归模型有意义（t=-8.72,P〈0.01）。结论政府和社会仍应高度重视自杀的预防,且预防控制的重点为老年人群。

Objective To analyze suicide mortality among census registered residents in Jing＇an district of Shanghai from 1975 through 2014 for providing a scientific basis for suicide prevention and intervention. Methods The data were extracted from Death Registry Database of Jing＇an district; change trend and gender and age difference in suicide mortality during the 40 years were analyzed. Results From 1975 to 2014,the total number of suicide deaths in the district were1 104 and the proportion of suicidal deaths in the total deaths caused by injuries was 15. 06%. Suicide was the second cause of deaths among all the deaths due to injuries. The average crude death rate of suicide was 6. 84 /100 000 for male residents and 6. 67 /100 000 for female residents and there was no significant gender difference observed. Of all the suicide deaths,36. 32% and 43. 93% were at the ages of 15- 44 and ≥ 65 years and the suicide mortality rate was 17. 42 /100 000 for the residents aged ≥ 65 years during the period. The suicide mortality showed a significant linear decline from 1975 through 2014 based on the results of time-series fitting analysis with AUTOREG process of SAS software（ t =- 8. 72,P〈 0. 01）. Conclusion Government and society should continue to pay great attention to the prevention of suicide in general population,especially among the elderly.