商务会话中的语用平衡研究

Pragmatic balance in business conversations

基于语用平衡假设及其交际需要、语用努力、语用力量和语用效果的四个核心念,借助商务会话之医药咨询会话的自然录音语料,本研究从话步、话回和会话整体结构的层面验证语用平衡假设。文章发现在会话整体结构层面,咨询顾问语用身份的分布及其话语声音渗透体现出较为宏观的语用平衡运作,从而增加说话人交际需要的实现机会。文章进一步认为会话中的语用平衡能力或许应该是语用能力的一个重要组成部分。

Pragmatic balance theory argues that rational communicators would make adequate pragmatic effort to accommodate their communicative needs for the sake of maintaining equilibrium of the interaction. Based on the theory and its four key concepts,communicative needs,pragmatic effort,pragmatic force and pragmatic effect,the present study,drawn data from naturally-occurring medical consultancy conversations,attempts to verify the pragmatic balance assumption in terms of the move,exchange and overall structure. It also finds that in terms of the overall structure,different distribution of medical consultants＇ pragmatic identities and their discourse voice permeation reflect pragmatic balance in a macro-level,thus facilitating the opportunities of realizing speakers＇ communicative needs. The study further claims pragmatic balance competence may be taken as an important part of pragmatic competence.