骨组织形态及微观结构的影像学评价及进展

Advancing of imaging evaluation of bone geometry and microarchitecture

骨组织性质评价是认识以骨质疏松为代表的骨退行性疾病的重要手段。在诸多的评价方法中,影像学评价技术具有自身独特的优势,近年来发展迅速,目前已经逐一实现从大体宏观到纳米微观等不同水平,对骨组织形态、结构进行定性、定量分析。影像学评价技术在骨组织结构表征方面具有非常高的实用价值。本文对该类技术,特别是双能X线检测、定量CT、高分辨p QCT、高分辨核磁成像、显微CT、骨组织成分分析等技术的特征、适用范围以及最新研究进展进行综述,以期为骨组织相关的临床及基础研究提供参考。

Evaluation of bone geometry and microarchitecture is of vital importance for understanding pathological changes of bone degenerative disease,such as osteoporosis. Among various techniques,imaging techniques with their own distinctive advantage have been developing rapidly in recent years. Imaging techniques allow qualitative or quantitative analysis of bone geometry and structure from the macroscale to the nanoscale. This techniques show promising accuracy and practical applicability in bone characterization. This review presents an overview of the relative advantages and disadvantages of the current available imaging methods,such as dual energy X-ray absorptiometry,quantitative CT,highresolution peripheral quantitative CT,high-resolution MRI,micro-CT and methods for tissue composition. The combination of the above noninvasive imaging method can provide a comprehensive evaluation of bone tissue for both clinical and basic researches.