合法性视角下的立法程序及其完善

The Status and Reform of Legislative Procedure on the Perspective of Legitimacy

人们之所以服从和信仰法律,乃是因为法律具有合法性。合法性理论的发展有三种不同的路径,即理性建构主义路径、经验主义路径以及"重建性的"路径。在这三种合法性理论的基础之上,法律的合法性可以归纳为三个方面的要求:(1)符合当代社会的价值规范;(2)获得人们的认同与支持;(3)其制定符合既定的程序。立法程序是唯一有权制定、修改和废止法律的程序,也是合法性进入法律文本的管道,应当按照法律合法性的三个要求重新审视立法程序。同时,我国的立法程序也应当从加强法律合法性的角度予以完善。

The reason why people obey and believe in laws is that the laws have legitimacy.There are three different theories of legitimacy,including rational constructivism theory,empiricism theory and reconstructed theory.After analysis of the three theories,the legitimacy of laws can be concluded as three requirements including according with the value norms of the present age,supported by the people and made in lawful procedure.And the legislative procedure is the only way to make,change and abolish the law,which means the law only can get legitimacy from legislative procedure.But the law cannot get legitimacy adequately from legislative procedure just setting base on the principle of due process of law,so the legislative procedure must set according to the three requirements of legitimacy.Absolutely,the legislative procedure of China should be revised to enhance the legitimacy of law.