宗族、乡邻与基层信众--近代福建基督教1华人牧师的人际网络关系初探

A Study of Protestant Pastors' Personal Networks in Modern Fujian

近代基督教在福建社会的传播过程中,华人牧师逐渐从辅助传道的角色转为起着主导教会的作用。这对福建基督教历史发展的进程产生了极为重要的影响。华人牧师担任中国教会的主要责任,完成了基督教本色化的基本前提,地方教会的自立运动也由此揭橥。华人牧师主要通过个人在宗族与乡村社会的影响力,并通过婚姻网络、家庭关系以及底层信众支持等模式,构建了诸多近代福建乡村社会的基督教信仰圈。这些活动对于今日地方教会发展仍有不少传统要素等方面的遗留,亦对当代教会与社会共融关系有着积极的启示意义。

As Protestantism became more embedded in Fujian society,the roles of Chinese pastors gradually shifted from assisting missionaries to leading congregations. This shift had a great influence on the development of Christianity in the area. Chinese pastors played a large role in the indigenization of Chinese Christianity and in the level of independence of the church. Pastors in rural Fujian constructed multiple 'faith circles,'or connections based on clan or lineage,nationalistic activities and marriage networks. Such faith circles were used to gain support from believers at the grassroots level,as well as in evangelistic endeavors.These activities continue to be practiced today and greatly influence the local church. This paper analyzes such faith circles during the Late Qing and Republic periods and specifically emphasizes how families or lineage played a role in church leaders' activities.