从军工厂到工业4.0——浅析德国产业园区的形成及特点

From Ordnance Factory to Industry 4.0:Establishment and Features of German Industrial Park

德国工业集聚区的产生与战时军事工业的发展有关,二战后形成了现代意义上的产业园区,对推动德国实体经济起着重大作用。度过两德合并时期直到当下,德国产业园区不断发展,产生了生产型园区、包含创业中心及孵化器在内的科技研发型园区和综合型园区等主要类型。随着工业4.0的提出,德国将在更广的范围和更深的程度上整合资源并聚集技术要素,推动以科技研发和创新为核心的产业园发展,指向生产更高效、科研环境更优越、能源利用更绿色、产城结合更密切的未来目标。

The concentrated German industrial area related to military uses in war time, after Word War II the modern industrial park appeared and played an important role in the economic development. From reunion of the East and West German to recent time, the German industrial park evolved and developed different types such as park of production, park of technology and research including incubator, and park integrated with both. Along with the announcement of Industry 4.0, the German industrial park will integrate resources and technologies much more widely and deeply, so as to promote the development orientated to innovation, to point at a vision in the future with more efficient production, better research conditions, more sustainable energy uses and cities more suitable for working and living.